Operating mechanism for windmills.



A. E. JOHNSON & C. NELSON.

OPERATING MECHANISM FOR WINDMILLS.

APPLICATION FILED} APR. 24. I914.

' LIQQJ'YQI Patented July 27, 1915.

3 SHEETSSHEET l- 171 1/ 6717575 4 1/1272 eases:

A. E. JOHNSON & C. NELSON.

OPERATING MECHANISM FOR WINDMILLS.

APPLICATION FILED APR.'Z4. I914.

l ma lfma Patented July 27, 1915.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

, nveniors 4% Z 72 95's 65:

flu usTEtlbimson I A. E. JOHNSON & C. NELSON.

OPERATING MECHANISM FOR WINDMlLLSJ APPLICATION FILED M124, 1914.

1 1%8 1 729 Patented July 27, 1915.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

1 3 F 4. \yg 4g 9 9 60 56 J 36 7 Z8 59" a Q 40 B5 I v Im/enWs M55358? flugusffidohnsoni Carl Ne 3072 %%m 62% AUGUST E. JOHNSON AND CARL NELSON, OF ELGIN, ILLINOIS.

OPERATING MECHANISM FOR WINDMILLS.

Application filed April 24:, 1914.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, Atrons'r E. JOHN- SON and CARL NELSON, citizens of the United States, and residents of Elgin, in the county of Kane and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Operating Mechanism for Windmills; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof,

reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. This invention relates to improvements in operating mechanism for windmills for pumping water and like work and the invention consists in the matters hereinafter et forth and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Among the objects of the invention is to provide an improved connection between the gear wheels, that may be 7 operated throughthe usual windwheel, and the pump rod or other driven element so constructed and arranged as to translate the rotary motion of the power shaft into rectilinear motion of the pump rod, so as to thereby transmit the power of the motor directly to the pump beneath and, therefore, more elliciently utilize the power, and to avoid side thrusts on the bearings of the pump rod and consequent wear of the bearings.

A. further object of the invention is to provide an improved mounting for the gears and lever elements of the mill mecha-.

nism, the mounting having the form of a casing to iuclose the mechanism and to contain oil in which the inechanism runs,and' so arranged that free access may be had to the to various gears, lever elements and bearings upon the mere removal of a relatively light cap or cover and without dismantling the operative parts of the machinery.

Another object of the invention is to sim- 423 plifyand improve mechanism of this general character.

In the drawings :Figure 1 is a partial side elevation and partial vertical section of a windmill embodying our invention. Fig. it 2 is a plan view, with parts shown in section. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section of the bearing box for the power shaft and the pinion, mowing means to deliver oil to the power shaft. 5 is Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented ma 2?, i915.

Serial N0. 834,044.

fragmentary side elevation of the brake drum and brake band for the windwheel and the parts associated therewith. Figs. 6 and 7 areviews, diagrammatic in their nature, illustrating diflerent positions of the essential parts of the machine. Fig. 8 is afragmentary view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 5.

As shown in the drawings,"10 designates the apex of the supporting tower provided at its upper end with a guide and bearing 11, downwardly through which extends a tubular stem 12, which is rotatively mounted and supported in any suitable manner (not shown) on the tower. The stem carries at its-upper end the frame for the operative parts of the mill, said frame assuming the form of an upwardly opening hollow casing 14 of a shape suitable to receive, inclose and"' support the various elements of the mechanism and to contain a lubricant in which the mechanism runs.

16 designates the power shaft of the machine which is mounted to rotate in suitable bearings 17, 18 supported in theside walls 19 of the case-like frame 14 and'carries at its end, outside of the casing,the hub 20 of the wind wheel (not shown). The power shaft 16 carries within the casing two rigidly fixed, laterally spaced pinions 21, 21 which mesh with two large gear wheels 22, 22 that are rotatively mounted on studs 23, 23 which are attached to and extend in: wardly from the sidewalls 19 of the easing 14. Arranged between said gear wheels 22, 22 is a pump rod 25, which extends downwardly through a suitable upstanding tube 26 that rises from the bottom wall 27 of the casing through the hollow stem 12 for connection with a pump below. Said pump rod is attached at its upper end in any suitable manner to a horizontal cross-head 28 which extends between and is rockin ly mounted at its ends in the upper ends 0% a pair of pitmen 29, 30 arranged between the gear wheels 22 and one at each side of the rod. Said pitmen are provided at their iower ends with laterally and oppositely extending socketed projections 31, 31 which engage over and have bearing on crank pins 32, 32 fined in any suitable manner to the gear wheel. Preferably, the said crank pins, which may he made of steel, are fixed to the gear wheels by being cast therein. Arranged hetween the said pitmen 29, 30 and extending at its upper end beyond said pitne ace men is an oscillating block which is pre'l erebly made of woodland faced at its sides by check plates 3e, 36 The said oscilla'i) ing block 1s cut away at one edge to provide a recess 37 to receive the upper end. of she pump rod and the cross-head 28 exends lhrough apertures in. the cheek plates 36 and into bearings of the pitmen beyond the same and the parts may he held together by a bolt -10 which ensends axially through the cross-head and provided with a locking nut .1.,

4:5 designates s standard which rises from the end well 46 of the supporting casing.

4'4, 47 design-ole links which are pivotelly connected by means of a bolt to the upper end of said seaodaroi, and are pivot-ally connecfiecl a; their other ends by a pivol bolt ll) to the upper end of the oscillating block 1 50 designates sshorter standard which rises from theopposite end wall 51 of she casing, and 52, 52 designate links which are pivoted at their outer ends by a bolt 53 'fio said standard 50 and are pivoted their inner ends by e pivotv bolt ii co the lower end of the oscillaiing block 35. The said links l? and '52 lie on the ou bside of the cheek plates 36 of the oscillating block and the bearings for the pirot bolts 19, is are there fore, partially supported by said cheek plates in designing the mac i tween the pivoi; hearings no, the distance be- I at the upper ends of the scandard's 4:5, 50 and the distance befcween the axis of the cross-head 2S and she pivots l9 and il of the linlrs M 52, res iiectivelu, hear an approximately given relation to the length of the siroke oi the pump rod. W's have found that ihe best results are secured, with respeclv to rectilinear motion of the pump rod, when the distances between the axis of the cross-head and the pivot bolts -19, is not less than one-half of the length oil the stroke of the pump rod, and with the distance between the planes of the pivots l8 and 53 not less ihen the length of the stroke of the pump rod. For example, when the slrolre of the pump is six inches, the distance between the crosshead and the pivots l9, il should be in the iieighborliood of three inches, and the dis- (ill tance between the plane of the pivots i8 and 58 should be substantially six inches.

A comparison of Figshl, 6 and 7 indicates the relative positions of the pitmen 29, 30, the oscillating block and the upper and lower pairs of links, 47, 52 inc ycle of operation of the mill, and lshereby indicates the manner in which is maintained rectilinear direction or" motion of the pump rod. Thereby the relation of the pump rod to its upper bearing is preserved and side thrusts against said hearing, as well as against a lower bearing aguinsl, which the rod may act is avoided. I

nice, we

The length of the stroke of the pump rod may be increased relatively to the proportions just referred to without varying the rectilinear motion of the pump rod. To this end. each of the gear wheels 22 may be provided with two or more crank pins 32 located at the some or different distances from the axis thereof. By locating the crank pins at dilierent distances from the axis of the gear wheels variations in the pump rod sirokc is provided Moreover, the provision or" a plurality of pairs of. crank pins located at the same distance from the axis of the gear wheels permits the pitnien to be adjusted or changed from one pair of crank plus to another wiihout varying the strolzc of the pump. This is a material iKiYiiziugG inaslllllCll as the more severe wcrz; occurs between the pitmeu and said or so pins.

The osciliseing block 35 is preferably made of wood, and may be oil boiled wood, in order the; it may carry the oil to the bearings associated therewith. l ur hcr more, in order lo assist in carrying lubricating oil to the bearing for lhe cross-head we may place at one side of the rocking head and mounted. on the adjacent end; of the cross-head a wood or other fiber strip which during the reciprocating motion Oi or the pitinen, is csrried downwardly to or below the upper side of the ediacent gear wheel 22 from which if" receives oil and curries ii to the CIOSS-llfli bearing In order that the power shaft 16 may he kept suitably lubricated, we provide the coustruction best shown in l igs. 2 and l. lly reference no i it will be noted that iho bearing 1? for one end. of the power shaft is provided with an upwardly opening rccess 58 the bottom wall of which tapers outwardly from the adjacent pinion 20 toward the side wall 19. The said bearing is provided at the lower part of iis inclined bottom wall with an. oil opening 5! that conducts oil lo the bearing; between the shall: and the bearing" box. The said shall is longitudinally inclined in s direction the reverse of that of the bottom wall of the recess 58 so as to conduct oil that is carried thereto along the shaft chroughout the principal length of the bearing 1'? hack to the oil ervoir. The pinion 21 adjacent to the bearing box 1? is provided with an annular rim 59 which travels in peripheral contact with an annular surface 59 of its mating gear wheel 22, whereby oil is carried to and (lelivered in the recess The hear-in 18 is supplied with oil from the casing ll by the adjacent pinion 21 which receives oil from its mating gear wheel 22.

The bearing box 18 may be reniovably supported in a laterally exlcmlinghollow seat formed in the adjacent side wall '33 and is shown as provided with angularly spaced ribs to engage notches in the scat, whereby preferably made part of said tube, partially.

said hearing has is held fixed, and may be, by removal and partial rotation thereof, adjusted to compensate for wear.

designates the vane frame which is mounted to swing laterally on a vertical pivot rod 61 that is seated in a vertical bearing 62 shown as cast integral with the casing. The said vane frame is adapted to be swung into a position'parallel with the plane, of the wind wheel to throw the mill out of the wind by means of a chain 65attached at one end thereof to-the vane and carried forwardly about a pulley 66 supported in a casing 67 that is attached to or made part of the casing 14; said-chain being thence carried inwardly over a second guide pulley 68 and thence downwardly through the tube 26 and through the hollow stem 12 for connection, at its lower end, with a manually operating device. A guard 68',

covers the chain and pulley and prevents escape of, oil through the tube.

'The vane is swung into the wind, when the chain 65 is released, byv means of a weighted arm 70 carried by one arm of a bell crank lever 71 that is fixed to a rock shaft 73 mounted in a suitable bearing 7% at one end of the casing 14, the other end of the said bell crank lever being connected by a link 75 with the vane frame. A buifer rod 7 6, pivotally attached to the pulley casing 66 and extending through a guide opening in the vane frame, carries buffer-springs 77,.

78 to cushion the opening and closing movements of the vane.

The rock shaft 73 is provided on its end remote from the bell crank lever 71 with a short crank arm 80, shown best in Fig. 5.

81 designates a flexible brake. band that encircles a brake drum '82 carried by the hub"20. The said brake band is attached at one endto .a lug 8* on the .casing. It is provided at its other end with a downturned terminal 85 which is apertured to' screw-threaded to the. clip and is locked thereto bya nut 88. Any other suitable means may be provided, however, to fix the bolt to-said clip. The clip 87 is provided at its upper edge with an angular portion 90 which overlies the brake hand, as shown in Fig. a.

When the vane is thrown out of the wind therock shaft 73 is operated, through the link 75 and bell crank iever 71, to tighten the brake band on the drum and thereby prevent the wheel turning. 'When the mill is thrown into the wind, the brake hand is ioosene The angular extension or arm 90 As herein shown, the said bolt is.

between the band and the drum, when the.

mill is in operation, is avoided.

The mechanism contained within and supportedon the casing is inclosed above the casing by means of a cap 92 which is seated upon a flange 93 of the casing and secured thereto in any suitable manner. The said cap 92 constitutes merely a cover or protecting device and has no connection with the operative elements of the mechanism. Therefore, the removal ofthe cap exposes the mechanism so that repairs may be made without dismantling the parts of the mill not associated with the parts to be repaired.

\Ve claim as our invention 1. In combination, a driven shaft, with means to drive it, a wheel operatively connected to and driven thereby and provided with a crank pin, a reciprocating element extending across the face of said wheel and at one end thereof beyond the wheel and operative connections between said crankof said wheel into direct rectilinear motion of the reciprocating element.

2. In combination, a driven shaft, with means to drive it, a gear wheel rotatively geared to and driven by said shaft and provided with a crank pin, a reciprocating element, a cross head directly connected thereto and a pitman pivoted directly to said cross head and to said crank pin, with oscil latory means operatively associated therewith to translate the rotary motion of said gear wheel'into direct rectilinear motion of the pump rod.

3. A windmill operating mechanism comprising a gear wheel, a driven shaft operatively connected-to and driving said gear wheel, a reciprocating element, a pitman pivoted at'one end to said. element and at its other end to a crank pin carried by said gear wheel, an oscillating member pivoted between. its ends to said element, and links pivoted at their inner ends to said oscillating member, one above and one below said reciprocating element pivot, and pivoted at their outer ends to fixed parts of the rnachine.

i. A windmill operating "mechanism comprising a gear wheel, a driven shaft operatively connected to and driving said gear its ends to said eiement, and links pivoted at their inner ends to said oscillating member, one above and one below said reciprocating clement pivot, and pivoted at their outer ends to fixed parts of the machine, the distance between the inner pivoted ends of said links and the reciprocating element pivot being not iess than one half the stroke length of said element, and the distance between the planes of the outer ends of said iinks being not iess than the stroke length of said element.

5. A Windmiii operating mechanism com-- prising a casing or frame, a motor driven shaft mounted therein, a dish driven by said shaft provided with a crank pin, a reciprocating eieinent, a pitman connecting the said eiement to said crank pin, an osciiiating meinher pivoted between its ends to said reciprocating eieinent and iinhs pivotedat their outer ends to parts of said frame and pivoted to said osciiiating member, one above and the other below the reciprocating eiement pivot.

6. 2i windmill operating mechanism. comprising a frame, a motor driven shaii; mounted therein, tvqo pinions mounted on and spaced iongitudinaily of said shaft,- two gear \vheeis meshin therewith and mounted in the irame, pi'tmen pivoted at their inner ends to crank pins on said gear wheels, a. reciprocating element between said pitmen and pivotaliy connected at its upper end to said pitmen, and means associated with said pitine'n and reciprocating eiemen a to translate the rotary movement. of the gear wheels to direct rectilinear movement of the said reciprocating element.

7. 1i windmill operating mechanism com prising a frame, a motor driven shaft mounted therein. two pinions mounted on and spaced iongitudinally of said shaft, tivo gear \vhcels meshing therewith and mounted in the frame, pitmen pivoted at their lower ends tfi' crank pins on said gear wheels, a reciprocating element between said pitmcn and pivotally connected at its upper end to the upper ends of said pitxn-en, and an oscillating member between said pitmen pivotallv connected to the frame and to said reciprocating element.

8. A windm ll operating mechanism coinprisinn" a frame, a motor driven shaft mounted therein. two pinions mounted on and spaced hingritudinaily of said shaft,

cross-hes d, pitmen men, an oscillating member between said.

pitnien and pivotally connected between its ends to the reciprocating element, and links pivoted at their outer ends to fixed parts of the frame and pivoted at their inner ends respectiveiy to the upper and lower ends of said member.

9. A Windmill operatin mechanism comprising a frame, motor driven shaft, mounted therein, trwo pinio'ns mounted on and spaced iongitudinaiiy of said shaft, two gear wheeis meshing therewith and mounted in the frame, a reciprocating eieinent between said gears'provided with a pivoted to crank pins on said gear wheel and to said cross-head, an oscillating member between said pitmen and pivoted intermediate its ends to said cross head and pivotai connections between theupper and ioiver ends of said osciiiating member and said frame.

it). A windmill operating mechanism comprising a frame, a motor driven shaft mounted therein, two pinions mounted on and spaced iongitudinalij of said shaft, invo gear Wheels meshing therewith and mounted in the frame, a reciprocating element between said gears provided with a cross-head, pitinen pivoted to crank pins on said gear wheels and to said cross-head, an oscillating member between provided with side cheek plates, and with a recess to receive said reciprocating element and cross-head, said cheek nlates being pro rided with apertures through which said cross head extends and in which it has hearing' and pivotal connections between the upper and iower ends of said oscillating mom her and fixed parts of the frame.

in iiestiinon that we claim the foregoing as our invention we our signatures in the presence of two Witnesses, this 20th day of Aprii, A. D, 191%.

AUGUST 1. JGHINSON. CARL NEL GN.

said. pitmen- 

